Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Volume 69, Issue 5 , Pages 467-473 , November 2010

Maternal postpartum sleepiness and fatigue: Associations with objectively measured sleep variables

  • Salvatore P. Insana

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
  • ,
  • Hawley E. Montgomery-Downs

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. West Virginia University; Department of Psychology; PO Box 6040; 53 Campus Drive, 1124 Life Sciences Building; Morgantown, WV, 26506-6040. Tel.: +1 (304)293 2001X610; fax: +1 (304)293 6606.

Received 16 December 2009 ,Revised 12 July 2010 ,Accepted 19 July 2010.

References 

  1. Shen J, Barbera J, Shapiro CM. Distinguishing sleepiness and fatigue: focus on definition and measurement. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10:63–76
  2. Roehrs T, Carskadon MA, Dement WC, Roth T. Daytime sleepiness and alertness. In:  Kryger MH,  Roth T,  Dement WC editor. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005;p. 39–50
  3. Vaughn BV, D'Cruz OF. Cardinal manifestations of sleep disorders. In:  Kryger MH,  Roth T,  Dement WC editor. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005;p. 594–601
  4. Breslau N, Roth T, Rosenthal L, Andreski MA. Daytime sleepiness: an epidemiological study of young adults. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1649–1653
  5. Carskadon MA, Dement WC. Sleep studies on a 90-minute day. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1975;39:145–155
  6. Hoddes E, Zarcone V, Smythe H, Phillips R, Dement WC. Quantification of sleepiness: a new approach. Psychophysiology. 1973;10:431–436
  7. Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1991;14:540-5.
  8. Libbus K, Baker JL, Osgood JM, Phillips TC, Valentine DM. Persistent fatigue in well women. Women health. 1995;23:57–72
  9. Chalder T, Berelowitz G, Pawlikowska T, et al. Development of a fatigue scale. J Psychosom Res. 1993;37:147–153
  10. Affleck G, Tennen H, Urrows S, et al. Fibromyalgia and women's pursuit of personal goals: a daily process analysis. Health Psychol. 1998;17:40–47
  11. Le Bon O, Fischler B, Hoffmann F, et al. How significant are primary sleep disorders and sleepiness in the chronic fatigue syndrome?. Sleep Res Online. 2000;3:43–48
  12. Monk TH. A visual analogue scale technique to measure global vigor and affect. Psychiatry Res. 1989;27:89–99
  13. Lichstein KL, Means MK, Noe SL, Aguillard RN. Fatigue and sleep disorders. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35:733–740
  14. Theorell-Haglow J, Lindberg E, Janson C. What are the important risk factors for daytime sleepiness and fatigue in women?. Sleep. 2006;29:751–757
  15. Lee KA, Zaffke ME. Longitudinal changes in fatigue and energy during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1999;28:183–191
  16. Wolfson AR, Lee KA. Pregnancy and the postpartum period. In:  Kryger MH,  Roth T,  Dement WC editor. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005;p. 1278–1286
  17. Troy NW. Is the significance of postpartum fatigue being overlooked in the lives of women?. Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2003;28:252–257
  18. Gay CL, Lee KA, Lee S. Sleep patterns and fatigue in new mothers and fathers. Biol Res Nurs. 2004;5:311–318
  19. Troy NW. A comparison of fatigue and energy levels at 6 weeks and 14 to 19 months postpartum. Clin Nurs Res. 1999;8:135–152
  20. Ross LE Murray BJ, Steiner M. Sleep and perinatal mood disorders: a critical review. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2005;30:247–256
  21. Dennis CL, Ross L. Relationships among infant sleep patterns, maternal fatigue and development of depressive symptomology. Birth 2005;32:187-93.
  22. Atkinson LS, Baxley EG. Postpartum fatigue. Am Fam Physician. 1994;50:113–118
  23. Benbadis SR. Questionnaires and rating scales. In:  Kushida CA editors. Sleep deprivation: clinical issues, pharmacology, and sleep loss effects. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2005;p. 1–9
  24. Partinen M, Hublin C. Epidemiology of sleep disorders. In:  Kryger MH,  Roth T,  Dement WC editor. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005;p. 626–646
  25. Bailes S, Liberman W, Baltzan M, Amsel R, Schondorf R, Fichten CS. Brief and distinct empirical sleepiness and fatigue scales. J Psychosom Res. 2006;60:605–613
  26. Pigeon WR, Sateia MJ, Ferguson RJ. Distinguishing between excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue toward improved detection and treatment. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54:61–69
  27. Montgomery-Downs HE, Insana SI, Clegg-Kraynok M, Mancini LM. Normative Longitudinal maternal sleep: first four postpartum months. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;Forthcoming
  28. Radloff LA. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1:385–401
  29. Barrett LF, Barrett DJ. An introduction to computerized experience sampling in psychology. Soc Sci Comput Rev. 2001;19:175–185
  30. Dinges DF, Powell JW. Micorcomputer analyses of performance on a portable, simple visual RT task during sustained operations. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput. 1985;17:652–655
  31. Thorne DR, Johnson DE, Redmond DP, Sing HC, Belenky G. The Walter Reed palm-held psychomotor vigilance test. Behav Res Methods. 2005;37:111–118
  32. Lim J, Dinges DF. Sleep deprivation and vigilant attention. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1129:305–322
  33. Radcliff R. Methods for dealing with reaction time outliers. Psychol Bull. 1993;114:510–532
  34. McNair DM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF. Manual for the Profile of Mood States (POMS). San Diego (CA): Educational and Industrial Testing Service; 1971;
  35. McNair DM, Heuchert JWP, Shilony E. Profile of mood states bibliography 1964-2002. North Tonawanda (NY): Multi-Health Systems Inc.; 2003;
  36. Sadeh A, Acebo C. The role of actigraphy in sleep medicine. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6:113–124
  37. Acebo C, LeBourgeois MK. Actigraphy. Respir Care Clin N Am. 2006;12:23–30
  38. Costello AB, Osborne JW. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. PARE. 2005;10:1–9
  39. Nyenhuis DL, Yamamoto C, Luchetta T, Terrien A, Parmentier A. Adult and geriatric normative data and validation of the profile of moods states. J Clin Psychol. 1999;55:79–86
  40. Frey DJ, Badia P, Wright KP. Inter- and intra-individual variability in performance near the circadian nadir during sleep deprivation. J Sleep Res. 2004;13:305–315
  41. Van Dongen HPA, Baynard M, Maislin G, Dinges DF. Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-Like differential vulnerability. Sleep. 2004;27:423–433
  42. McClelland LE, Pilcher JJ. Assessing subjective sleepiness during a night of sleep deprivation: examining the internal state and behavioral dimensions of sleepiness. Behav Med. 2007;33:17–26
  43. MacLean AW, Fekken GC, Saskin P, Knowles JB. Psychometric evaluation of the Stanford Sleepiness Scale. J Sleep Res. 1992;1:35–39
  44. Shapiro C. Chronic fatigue—chronically confusing but growing information. J Psychosom Res. 2004;56:153–155

 The authors report no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3999(10)00278-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.07.004

Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Volume 69, Issue 5 , Pages 467-473 , November 2010