Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Volume 69, Issue 6 , Pages 555-563 , December 2010

Psychopathology in postinfarction patients implanted with cardioverter-defibrillators for secondary prevention. A cross-sectional, case-controlled study

  • Anthony P. Redhead

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
  • ,
  • Douglas Turkington

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry (Newcastle University), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
  • ,
  • Sanjay Rao

      Affiliations

    • The Logos Centre, Tees, Esk and Wear Valley NHS Trust, Durham, UK
  • ,
  • Margaret M. Tynan

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
  • ,
  • John P. Bourke

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, NE7 7DN Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Tel.: +44 191 213 7131.

Received 18 November 2009 ,Revised 6 April 2010 ,Accepted 9 June 2010.

References 

  1. Hegel MT, Griegel LE, Black C, Goulden L, Ozahowski T. Anxiety and depression in patients receiving implanted cardioverter-defibrillators: a longitudinal investigation. Int J Psychiatr Med. 1997;27:57–69
  2. Edelman S, Lemon J, Kidman A. Psychological therapies for recipients of implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Heart Lung. 2003;32:234–240
  3. Heller SS, Ormont MA, Lidagoster L, Sciacca RR, Steinberg JS. Psychosocial outcomes after ICD implantation. PACE. 1998;21:2107–2115
  4. Burke JL, Hallas CN, Clark-Carter D, White D, Connelly D. The psychosocial impact of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a meta-analytic review. B J Health Psychol. 2003;8:165–178
  5. Duru F, Buchi S, Klaghofer R, Sensky T, Buddeberg V, Candinas R. How different from pacemaker patients are recipients of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators with respect to psychosocial adaptation, affective disorders, and quality of life?. Heart. 2001;85:375–379
  6. Sears SF, Conti JB. Understanding implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks and storms: medical and psychosocial considerations for research and clinical care. Clin Cardiol. 2003;26:107–111
  7. Flemme I, Edvardsson N, Hinic H, Jinhage BM, Dalman M, Fridlund B. Long-term quality of life and uncertainty in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Heart Lung. 2005;34:386–392
  8. Kamphuis HCM, de Leeuw JRJ, Derksen R, Hauer RNW, Winubst JAM. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients: quality of life with and without ICD shock delivery — a prospective study. Europace. 2003;5:381–389
  9. Bollmann MA, Dunbar SB, Jenkins LS, Hawthorne M. Psychological reactions among family members of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Int J Psych Med. 2001;31:375–387
  10. Bilge AK, Ozben B, Demircan S, Cinar M, Yilmaz E, Adelet K. Depression and anxiety status in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator and precipitating factors. PACE. 2006;29:619–626
  11. Snaith RP, Zigmond AS. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–370
  12. Snaith RP, Taylor CM. Rating scales for depression and anxiety: a current perspective. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985;19:17S–20S
  13. Channer KS, James MA, Papouchado M, Res JR. Anxiety and depression in patients with chest pain referred for exercise testing. Lancet. 1985;ii:820–822
  14. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36®): I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473–483
  15. Schlenk EA, Erlen JA, Dunbar-Jacob J, McDowell J, Engberg S, Sereika SM, et al. Health-related quality of life in chronic disorders: a comparison across studies using the MOS SF-36. Qual Life Res. 2004;7:57–63
  16. Muller-Nordhorn J, Roll S, Willich SN. Comparison of short form (SF) -12 health status instrument with the SF-36 in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart. 2004;90:523–527
  17. Crawford JR, Henry JD, Crombie C, Taylor EP. Normative data for the HADS from a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 2001;40:429–434
  18. Ware JE, Kosinski M, Gandek B. SF-36 Health Survey: Manual and Interpretation Guide. Lincoln (RI): Quality Metric Incorporated; 2005;
  19. Psychiatric morbidity among adults living in private households. Crown: Office of National Statistics, Department of Health; 2000;
  20. Van den Broek KC, Nyklicek I, van der Voort PH, Alings MM, Denollet J. Shocks, personality and anxiety in patients with an implanted defibrillator. PACE. 2008;31:850–857
  21. Luyster FS, Hughes JW, Waechter D, Josephson R. Resource loss predicts depression and anxiety among patients treated with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator. Psychosom Med. 2006;68:794–800
  22. Pedersen SS, Spindler H, Johansen JB, Mortensen PT, Sears SF. Correlates of patient acceptance of the cardioverter-defibrillator: cross-validation of the Florida patient acceptance survey in Danish patients. PACE. 2008;31:1168–1177
  23. Vazquez LD, Kuhl EA, Shea JB, Kirkness A, Lemon J, Whalley D, et al. Age-specific differences in women with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: an international multi-centre study. PACE. 2008;31:1528–1534
  24. Allsup SJ, Gosney MA. Anxiety and depression in an older research population and their impact on clinical outcomes in a randomised controlled trial. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78:674–677
  25. Linden W, Phillips MJ, Leclerc J. Psychological treatment of cardiac patients: a meta-analysis. J Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2972–2984
  26. Krantz DS, Sheps DS, Carney RM, Natelson B. Effects of mental stress with coronary artery disease: evidence and clinical implications. JAMA. 2000;283:1800–1802
  27. Pedersen SS, vanden Broek KC. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks and their adverse impact on patient-centred outcomes: fact or fiction?. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:1037–1038
  28. Kapa S, Rotondi-Trevisan D, Mariano Z, Aves T, Irvine J, Dorian P, et al. Psychopathology in patients with ICDs over time: results of a prospective study. PACE. 2010;33:198–208
  29. Bourke JP, Turkington D, Thomas G, McComb JM, Tynan M. Florid psychopathology in patients receiving shocks from implanted cardioverter-defibrillators. Heart. 1997;78:581–583
  30. Baumert J, Schmitt C, Kadwig K-H. Psychophysiological and affective parameters associated with pain intensity of cardiac cardioverter-defibrillator shock discharges. Psychosom Med. 2006;68:591–597
  31. Pedersen SS, van den Broek KC, Sears SF. Psychological intervention following implantation of an implantable defibrillator: a review. PACE. 2007;30:1546–1554
  32. AVID Investigators . A comparison of antiarrhythmic-drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from near-fatal ventricular arrhythmias. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1576–1583
  33. Lee KL, Hafley G, Fisher JD, Gold MR, Prystowsky EN, Talajic M, et al. Effect of implantable defibrillators on arrhythmic events and mortality in the multi-centre unsustained tachycardia trial. Circulation. 2002;106:233–238
  34. Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS, et al. Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:877–883
  35. Pedersen SS, van den Broek KC, Sears SF. Psychological intervention following implantation of an implanted defibrillator: a review and future recommendations. PACE. 2007;30:1546–1554
  36. Ladwig K-H, Baumert J, Marten-Mittag B, Kolb C, Zrenner B, Schmitt C. Post-traumatic stress symptoms and predicted mortality in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: results from the prospective living with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator study. Arch Gen Psychiatr. 2008;65:1324–1330
  37. Fitchet A, Doherty PJ, Bundy C, Bell W, Fitspatrick AP, Garratt CJ. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programme for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients: a randomised controlled trial. Heart. 2003;89:155–160
  38. Sears SF, Sowell LD, Kuhl EA, Kovacs AH, Serber ER, Handberg E, et al. The ICD shock and stress management programme: a randomised trial of psychosocial treatment to optimise quality of life in ICD patients. PACE. 2007;30:858–864
  39. Frizelle DJ, Lewin RJ, Kaye G, Hargreaves C, Hasney K, Beaumont N, et al. Cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation programme for patients with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator: a pilot study. Br J Health Psychol. 2004;9:381–392
  40. Lewin RJ, Coulton S, Frizelle DJ, Kaye G, Cox HS. A brief cognitive behavioural pre-implantation and rehabilitation programme for patients receiving and implanted cardioverter-defibrillator improves physical health and reduces psychological morbidity and unplanned readmissions. Heart. 2009;95:63–69
  41. Dunbar SB, Langberg JJ, Reilly CM, Viswanathan B, McCarty F, Culler SD, et al. Effect of a psycho-educational intervention on depression, anxiety and health resource use in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients. PACE. 2009;32:1259–1271
  42. Wilz G, Kalytta T. Anxiety symptoms in spouses of stroke patients. Cerbrovasc Dis. 2008;25:311–315
  43. Pedersen S, van den Berg M, Erdman R, van Son J, Jordaens L, Theuns D. Increased anxiety in partners of patients with a cardioverter-defibrillator: the role of indication for ICD therapy, shocks and personality. PACE. 2009;32:184–192
  44. Moser DK, Dracup K. Role of spousal anxiety and depression in patients' psycho-social recovery after a cardiac event. Psychosom Med. 2004;66:527–532
  45. Kuhl E, Sears SF, Conti JB. Using computers to improve the psychosocial care of implanted cardioverter-defibrillator recipients. PACE. 2006;29:1426–1433
  46. Dougherty CM, Lewis FM, Thompson EA, Baer TD, Kim W. Short-term efficacy of a telephone intervention by expert nurses after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. PACE. 2004;27:1594–1602

 This research was supported by a grant from the Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Charitable Trustees to Dr. J.P. Bourke, who funded Mr. Redhead's salary and consumables.

PII: S0022-3999(10)00250-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.06.002

Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Volume 69, Issue 6 , Pages 555-563 , December 2010